[新聞] 一些新賽季的特殊規定

新聞來源：https://reurl.cc/xZjjb4 作者：Craig Calcaterra 原標題： The details of how the 2020 baseball season will be played are...intense (前文恕刪) Schedule Teams will be playing most games against their own division and a handful of interleague games against the corresponding division from the other league. Specifically, each team will play 10 games against the other four teams in its division in come combination of two-game and three-game series. The remaining 20 games will be interleague contests, East vs. East, Central vs. Central, West vs. West. Six of those 20 will be “rivalry” games, such as Mets vs. Yankees and Cubs vs. White Sox. How the other games will break down is unknown. There will be no scheduled doubleheaders so as to limit time spent in a ballpark on a given day. Postponements will be made up, as usual, via doubleheaders. There are, as of yet, no specific schedules circulating. Rule Changes We’ve had some piecemeal reports of rule changes, including the runner on second base rule. Other rule changes: Universal DH, which has long been reported as part of the plan. As of now it will only apply to the 2020 season and pitchers will be batting again in 2021, assuming at least 2021 is a normal season. That could be renegotiated before next year, however; The league is abandoning its new rule which would have allowed position players to pitch only in certain situations. It’s now all-hands-on-deck at any time; Games that start but then are stopped due to rain before the fifth inning will no longer be considered washouts that don’t count. They will be considered suspended games that will be resumed at the point where they were stopped at a later date. The purpose of this rule is to stop the practice of keeping people in the ballpark for hours on end to make a game “official.” The “three-batter-rule” for relief pitchers implemented for this year WILL remain as planned, though it may be relaxed in “spring” training. Rosters/Transactions Teams have been under a transaction freeze since March, prohibiting trades and signings. That freeze ends Friday at noon eastern time; Teams will carry 30 players on the active roster for the first two weeks of the season and 28 for the two weeks after that before reducing to 26 for the rest of the way; With no minor leagues, teams will be allowed to retain 60 players overall, as opposed to a 40-man roster, with those beyond the active roster as set forth above existing on a taxi squad. Three players from the taxi squad can travel with a team to a game. One of the three must be a catcher; The injured list for pitchers was supposed to change to 15 days from 10 days. It will now remain at ten days; The trade deadline will be August 31. The active roster deadline for postseason eligibility is September 15; Equipment Hitters will now have to bring their own pine-tar rags, bat donuts and other equipment with them to and from the on-deck circle; There will be no bat boys/girls or ball boys/girls. Bat and ball delivery will be handled by other team staff; Pitchers will now have to bring their own rosin bag to the mound and use their own personal baseballs for bullpen sessions; Hitters who were at the plate and runners left on base will have to go back to the dugout to get their caps, gloves and sunglasses when an inning ends rather than have someone run them out to them; Baseballs used in batting practice can be used only that day, after which they will need to be cleaned and sanitized and not be re-used for five days. Personal habits, physical contact Spitting is prohibited, including sunflower seed shells. Smokeless tobacco is prohibited. Chewing gum is allowed; Pitchers licking their fingers is prohibited. Pitchers will be permitted to carry a “wet rag” in their pocket to moisten their fingers before pitches; Fighting and instigating fights are strictly prohibited and will be handled with “severe discipline.” Players may not make physical contact with any other players outside of making tags and other incidental contact that might normally occur in the course of a game. This includes high fives, fist bumps and hugs, which are prohibited; Showering at the ballpark is “discouraged but not prohibited.” Even then, only people in uniform and active dugout/clubhouse staff can shower there. The GM, for example, can’t come down and have a shvitz after a workout in the weight room during the game. COVID-19 Testing All “covered individuals” — which refers to players, coaches, staff, and basically anyone who will be involved in baseball operations, will submit a symptoms/exposure questionnaire before arriving at spring training. Basically a “what I did during my quarantine” report; Covered individuals will also undergo a temperature check, a COVID-19 saliva or nose swab test, and a blood test for antibodies before arriving at spring training; After reporting, covered individuals will have their temperature and symptoms checked at least twice per day. Anyone with a temperature above 100.4 degrees can’t enter a ball park; If a fever or other COVID symptoms develop once someone is at the ballpark they must isolate ASAP. Teams must then conduct contact tracing procedures to see who the person interacted with and clean/disinfect all facilities; Players, coaches, trainers, and others who have close physical contact with players will have saliva tests every other day. Everyone else in and around ballparks and team operations will undergo testing multiple times per week. Results are supposed to come back in 24 hours; Those who test positive, obviously, cannot have any contact with the team and will be placed in a special sort of injured list called the COVID-19 Related Injured List, which does not have a time limit like the normal injured list; Players placed on the COVID-19 injured list do have a path to return. Specifically, they have to test negative twice at least 24 hours apart, cannot have had a fever in at least 72 hours, and must have taken an antibody test. Above all of that, doctor signoff and signoff of a joint COVID-19 committee created by the league and the union, must approve as well; Those who merely show symptoms but whose tests come back negative can resume contact with the team once test results are returned AND they are showing no symptoms AND get doctor signoff; As previously reported, MLB’s testing will be handled by baseball’s anti-doping laboratory in Utah; Players will NOT sign an “acknowledgement of risk” waiver form that MLB had proposed during negotiations Players, family members at high-risk for/due to COVID-19 Teams will identify “high risk” personnel, with “high risk” defined as people “who, by virtue of their age and/or medical history, are at a materially higher risk of developing severe illness or complications from COVID-19 exposure”; High risk personnel will be afforded special accommodations, including separate entrances to the park, separate private spaces at a ball park, will be allowed to spend as little time at the park as is necessary to do their job; High risk players may sit out the 2020 season. If they do, they will be placed on the COVID-19 Related Injured List. High-risk players who sit out the season will be paid and will receive service time. Pay/employment or high-risk employees who are not players and who choose to sit out will be handled on a team-by-team basis, obviously subject to normal health/disability laws; Players who live with or are regularly in close contact with individuals at high risk also could sit out, but would not automatically receive pay and service. It is widely expected, however, that teams may relax this or accommodate this in other ways. For example, if a players’ wife goes into labor, the player could go on the paternity list, which is paid, and have that time extended given the unusual and/or risky circumstances, well, all of this presents for people in that situation. Mike Trout’s wife is expected to have a baby in August, for example. You have to figure that the Angels are not gonna dock his pay if it takes him extra time to come back from that; MLB and the union have created four-person committee to oversee health matters: one doctor appointed by both sides, and one representative from both of the parties. That committee is expected to settle any problems or disputes that result from the unique circumstances of the 2020 season. Media Media access to players will be limited. It is expected that video press conference, as opposed to one-on-one or scrum interviews will take place after games. Zoom and other forms of video chat will likely be used as well; Press will be allowed in the stadiums but won’t be allowed to get near the players; There will be no visiting broadcast teams. The home broadcast video/audio crew will provide a common feed to the visiting team’s RSN and will be required to be even-handed as far as where video/sound is focused during the game for neutrality purposes. Visiting broadcasters will call games remotely. 大略翻譯一下 比賽行程 大部分的比賽將會遇到同分區的球隊，少數的跨聯盟比賽將對上相對應分區的球隊。具體 來說，每一隊會以兩場和三場系列賽的方式，分別和同區其他四支球隊打10場比賽。剩下 的20場比賽會是跨聯盟比賽，東區對東區、中區對中區、西區對西區。20場中的6場比賽將 會是「世仇對決」，例如洋基vs.大都會、小熊vs.白襪。其餘的對決怎麼安排仍是未知數 。 原訂行程中不會有雙重賽，以限制球員在球場的時間。若有延期的比賽則和往常一樣安排 雙重賽補上。 到目前為止，還沒有具體的時間行程表。 規則改變 我們有一些關於規則更改的零散報告，包括延長賽的突破僵局制(從二壘有人開始)，其他 的規則改變有： 全面採用DH(指定打擊)制，這個計畫早已被報導為新賽季的一部分。到目前為止，這項改 變只限定於2020賽季，而如果2021賽季是個正常的賽季的話，投手仍會繼續打擊。不過， 這可能會在明年之前重新協商。 捨棄規定野手只能在特殊情況上場投球的限制。(註：原本規定要在延長賽或是分差在六分 以上野手才能投球) 現在所有人在任何時候都待命著。 原本在五局前因雨勢而停止的比賽不再被視為不算數，會在一段時間之後從停止的地方繼 續進行。目的是為了不讓人員停留在球場好幾個小時以完成「正式的」比賽。 「Three-Batter Minimum」的規則依舊保留(註：投手必須要投滿三個人次才能換人)， 儘管在「春訓」中有可能會放寬限制。 名單/交易 自3月以來的凍結狀態，包括禁止交易和簽約，將在美東時間星期五中午解凍。 每支球隊在賽季的前兩周有30人名單，兩周後變成28人，再過兩周就變成26人。 在沒有小聯盟比賽的情況下，每支球隊從40人擴充為60人名單。客隊比賽時可以在名單裡 額外帶上三名選手，但其中一個必須是捕手。 投手的IL天數從15天變成10天。 交易大限改為8月31日。球員能夠取得季後賽出賽資格的期限改為9月15日。 裝備 打擊準備時，球員現在要自己將練打的裝備拿上去和下來。 不會有幫忙撿球棒或球的球僮，這些工作會交由球隊其他的工作人員來做。 投手現在必須自己帶著止滑粉袋上投手丘，在牛棚練投時則必須使用自己私人的球。 攻守交換時，打者和壘上的跑者必須跑回去休息區拿他們的帽子、手套和太陽眼鏡，而不 是假手他人。 用於打擊練習的球只能在當天使用，之後必須要清潔和消毒，五天後方可再度使用。 個人習慣/肢體接觸 禁止吐東西，包含葵花籽殼。禁止無菸煙草，但嚼口香糖是被允許的。 投手不可以舔他們的手指，他們被允許在口袋放一塊濕抹布以弄濕手指。 嚴禁鬥毆和煽動鬥毆的行為，違反者將課以嚴厲的處罰。除了觸殺和比賽中常發生的接觸 以外，球員不可以跟其他球員有肢體上的接觸，包括擊掌、擊拳和擁抱。 「不鼓勵但不禁止」在球場淋浴。即便如此，也只有球員和休息區/室的員工能夠在那邊 淋浴。例如球隊的GM就不能在那邊洗三溫暖。 病毒檢測 所有棒球工作相關的人，必須在春訓前繳交一份問卷調查，基本上是一個「你在隔離期間 做了什麼」的報告。 在參加春訓之前，所有人必須接受體溫檢查、武漢肺炎的唾液或鼻腔篩檢，以及檢測抗體 的血液篩檢。 在這之後，所有人每天量體溫和檢查相關症狀至少兩次。任何人體溫高於100.4度(攝氏38 度)將無法進入球場。 如果有人在球場出現發燒或武肺的症狀，必須盡快地的隔離該人員。球隊必須追蹤他的接 觸史並消毒球場所有設施。 球員、教練和訓練員等會和球員親密接觸的人員，將每隔一天進行唾液篩檢。其他人則是 每周內進行數次篩檢。結果會在24小時內出來。 那些中鏢的球員顯然不能和球隊有任何的接觸，並且會被放入一個和武肺相關的傷兵名單 ，這個名單不像正常的傷兵名單有時間限制。 中鏢的球員要回歸的話，必須在間隔24小時的兩次檢測中呈現陰性、至少72小時不能發燒 ，而且必須接受抗體檢測。最重要的是，通過醫生、聯盟和工會成立的聯合委員會的簽字 許可。 那些有症狀但檢測結果為陰性的球員，一旦檢測結果回傳、沒有症狀且通過醫生許可後， 便可以恢復與球隊的接觸。 正如之前所報導的那樣，MLB的檢測工作由猶他州的實驗室負責。 球員不會簽署之前由聯盟於談判中提出的「風險認知」的免責聲明書。 球員和親屬等高風險族群 球隊會劃分出「高風險」人員，定義為因年齡或疾病史，在罹患武肺之後會很大機率會有 嚴重的症狀或併發症的人。 高風險人員會有獨特的住宿，包括進入球場的單獨入口、球場內的單獨空間，並且被允許 縮短他們在球場工作的時間。 高風險的球員可能會缺席2020賽季。如果他們這樣做，將會被列入特殊的傷兵名單，並且 獲得薪水與年資。非球員的員工如果選擇缺席，交由各隊依法處理。 本身不是，但身邊接觸的人為高風險族群的球員也可以選擇不打，但不會獲得薪水與年資 。然而，球隊可以視情況鬆綁這項規定，舉例來說，如果一位球員的妻子即將臨盆，球員 可以進入陪產名單，而這是有薪資的，並允許視情況延長請假的時間。Mike Trout的妻子 預計於八月生產，如果他需要額外的時間才能回來，天使隊是不會扣他的薪資的。 聯盟和工會已經成立了四人的委員會來管理健康事務，由雙方指定的醫生和代表組成。 該委員會將負責解決任何因2020賽季的特殊情況所產生的紛爭。 媒體 媒體將禁止貼身訪問球員。預計會在賽後以線上視訊的方式舉行記者會，而不是以往記者 一對一或爭相採訪球員，有可能是用Zoom或其他方式進行。 媒體被允許入場，但禁止靠近任何球員。 轉播團隊將不會隨著球隊移動。主場的轉播單位必須提供客場轉播單位公正、公平的訊號 ，後者將遠距離播報比賽。 -- Dan Szymborski：新賽季的預測 https://reurl.cc/V6vOZy https://imgur.com/dAkC8vX Jay Jaffe：國聯DH的人選 https://reurl.cc/7XvQvD -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc), 來自: 1.170.8.47 (臺灣) ※ 文章網址: https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/MLB/M.1593019611.A.5F1.html